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Routine Examination of Sputum

This virtual practical simulates the routine laboratory examination of a sputum specimen, including specimen assessment, macroscopic examination, selected chemical observation, direct microscopy, Gram staining, culture and appropriate pathogen confirmation.

The specimen is randomized every time the practical is restarted. Therefore, the appearance, microscopic findings and final interpretation can change.

Important branching rule: once a bacterial respiratory pathogen is confirmed, the practical proceeds through the bacteriology pathway and does not enter the non-bacterial confirmation pathway. When a fungal/non-bacterial finding is confirmed, the practical does not proceed to bacterial confirmation.

Routine Sputum Examination

Step 1 / 1
Preparing randomized sputum specimen...
Examine the specimen macroscopically first. Good-quality sputum is usually lower respiratory tract material rather than saliva. Follow the correct branch after microscopy.
Materials Rack
Sputum specimen container
Processing tube
Glass slide
Coverslip
Inoculating loop
Culture plate
Transfer dropper
Compound microscope
Bunsen burner
Reagent Rack
Normal saline
Gram-stain reagents
KOH reagent
Respiratory culture medium
Methylene blue
Distilled water
Results Rack
Specimen quality
Awaiting examination.
Macroscopic findings
Awaiting examination.
Microscopy
Awaiting examination.
Pathogen branch
No confirmation yet.
Workbench
Laboratory observation area

Observations will appear here as the sputum specimen is processed.

Centrifuge
Incubator

Laboratory Processing

Select the correct material or reagent from its rack. Correct selections will physically move the object to the appropriate workbench area.


Randomized specimen: Loading...

Branch status: Not yet determined.

Biohazard Waste
Equipment Return

Final Sputum Examination Report

Specimen quality Pending
Macroscopic examination Pending
Microscopy Pending
Gram stain Not yet performed
Bacterial culture Not yet performed
Non-bacterial examination Not yet performed
Final interpretation will appear after the appropriate branch is completed.
Laboratory Observation